Brushed aluminium surface-finish sample with a linear satin texture

表面处理图库

表面处理，完整参考。

How each finish looks, feels, and what it does to your part, with real numbers. Pick by the job: a show face, a sliding fit, corrosion, conductivity. Every range is confirmed at DFM review. Cost is relative ($ low → $$$$ high), not a price.

The finishes, full reference

Typical production practice, confirmed per part at DFM. Cost is relative ($ low → $$$$ high), not a price.
Finish	Look & feel	Ra / thickness	Corrosion	Effect on size	Best for	Cost
As-machined	Fine tool lines	Ra 1.6–3.2 µm (turned 0.8–1.6)	Low	None	Non-cosmetic, lower cost	$
Bead blast	Uniform matte	Ra 1.6–6.3 µm	Cosmetic	Slight	Even look, hides marks, pre-anodize base	$$
Brushed	Directional satin	Ra 0.4–1.6 µm	Cosmetic	Slight	Premium visible faces	$$
Polishing	Reflective → mirror	Ra 0.1–0.8 µm	Cosmetic	Removes a little	Sealing faces, cosmetic, optical	$$$$
Anodize II (Al)	Matte–satin, any colour/RAL	3–5 µm, ~300–400 HV	Moderate	+½ thickness / face	Colour + corrosion on aluminium	$$
Anodize III hard (Al)	Dark, very hard	8–25 µm, ~400–600 HV	High	+~0.01 mm / face	Wear surfaces, slides, aerospace	$$$
Chem film / chromate (Al)	Clear or gold	<3 µm	Low–mod	Negligible	Paint primer, light corrosion, keeps conductivity	$
Passivation (SS)	No visible change	none added	Moderate	None	Stainless corrosion resistance; medical/food	$
Electropolish (SS)	Mirror-bright	removes 5–25 µm, Ra 0.1–0.4	High	Removes 5–25 µm	Hygienic/cleanable stainless, deburr	$$$$
Black oxide (steel)	Matte black	<3 µm	Low (needs oil)	Negligible	Tooling, fasteners, low-glare	$
Zinc plate (steel)	Clear / yellow / black	5–12 µm	Moderate (sacrificial)	+5–12 µm	Economical steel corrosion protection	$
Electroless nickel	Even satin, any geometry	8–25 µm, uniform	High	+8–25 µm, even	Complex parts, bores, hardness, aluminium	$$$
Hard chrome	Bright, very hard	25–250 µm	High	+25–250 µm	Wear/abrasion: rods, pistons, bearing surfaces	$$$$
Powder coat	Durable colour film	50–100 µm	High	+50–100 µm	Tough coloured steel/aluminium parts	$$

Material note: anodize is aluminium only; passivation & electropolish are for stainless; black oxide & zinc are for steel; electroless nickel, hard chrome and powder coat take to most metals.

See the finishes

As-machined 6061 aluminium with fine tool marks — As-machined

Bead-blasted aluminium, uniform matte — Bead blast

Brushed aluminium, directional satin — Brushed

Electroless nickel-plated part, uniform satin — Electroless nickel

Polished stainless steel turned part, satin sheen — Polished

Colour-anodized aluminium, Type II satin colour — Anodize II · colour

Type III hard-anodized aluminium, dark hard coat — Anodize III · hard black

Black Type II anodized aluminium, satin black — Anodize II · black

Passivated stainless steel, clean uniform surface — Passivation

Black-oxide steel, matte black — Black oxide

Zinc-plated steel, bright sacrificial coating — Zinc plate

Powder-coated part, durable colour coating — Powder coat

Real close-ups of every finish, photographed from our own sample plates. Every photo is confidentiality-vetted before publish.

Buyers miss #1, coatings mirror the surface: plating and anodizing mirror the surface beneath, a part at Ra 1.6 is still Ra 1.6 after coating, tool marks and all. Need them gone? We polish or brush before coating.

Buyers miss #2, dimensional growth: coatings add real thickness, Type III hardcoat ~0.025 mm per face. On tight bores and bearing fits we pre-size or mask. Mark the critical dims.

How to call it out on your drawing

FINISH: TYPE II ANODIZE, BLACK, 18 µm NOM, SEALED (PER ISO 7599)
SURFACE: Ra 0.8 µm MAX ON FACE A (symbol per ISO 1302 / ASME Y14.36)
MASK: THREADS + BORE B PRIOR TO COATING
DIMENSIONS: MACHINE BORE B TO 12.75 mm BEFORE ANODIZE

Specify a fine Ra (or a finish) only on the faces that need it, that's what keeps a part affordable.

What each industry typically specifies

Common pairings by sector, a starting point, not a rule.
Industry	Typical material	Typical finish
Aerospace & UAV	7075 · Ti-6Al-4V	Type III hard anodize; chem film; as-machined
Medical & lab	316 stainless · PEEK	Passivation; electropolish; clean as-machined
Robotics & automation	6061 · 7075 · 17-4PH	Clear/black anodize; bead blast; electroless nickel
Consumer	6061 · 6063 · titanium	Colour anodize; bead blast; brushed
Automotive & EV	4140 · 42CrMo · 6061	Black oxide; zinc; phosphate; powder coat
Industrial	Mild/alloy steel · brass	Zinc plate; powder coat; hard chrome; as-machined

Match a finish, send a photo Read the finishes guide

每种表面处理的视觉效果、触感及其对零件性能的实际影响，均提供真实数据支撑。可按具体应用场景选择：外观面、滑动配合、耐腐蚀或导电。各项参数均在 DFM 评审阶段逐一确认。成本为相对值（$ 低 → $$$$ 高），非最终报价。

表面处理速查表

常规做法，按件在 DFM 时确认。成本为相对值（$ 低 → $$$$ 高），并非报价。
表面处理	外观手感	Ra / 厚度	耐蚀	对尺寸影响	适用	成本
本色加工	细刀纹	Ra 1.6–3.2 µm（车削 0.8–1.6）	低	无	非外观面，成本较低	$
喷砂	均匀亚光	Ra 1.6–6.3 µm	仅外观	轻微	外观均匀、盖刀纹、阳极氧化打底	$$
拉丝	方向性缎面	Ra 0.4–1.6 µm	仅外观	轻微	高档可见面	$$
抛光	反光至镜面	Ra 0.1–0.8 µm	仅外观	略去除	密封面、外观、光学	$$$$
阳极 II 型（铝）	亚光至缎面，任意颜色/RAL 色号	3–5 µm，约 300–400 HV	中	每面 +½ 厚度	铝件上色+耐蚀	$$
硬质阳极 III（铝）	深色、极硬	8–25 µm，约 400–600 HV	高	每面 +约 0.01 mm	耐磨面、滑动、航空	$$$
铬酸盐转化膜（铝）	透明或金色	<3 µm	低-中	可忽略	喷漆底、轻度耐蚀、保导电	$
钝化（不锈钢）	外观无变化	不增厚	中	无	不锈钢耐蚀；医疗/食品	$
电解抛光（不锈钢）	镜面亮	去除 5–25 µm，Ra 0.1–0.4	高	去除 5–25 µm	易清洁卫生级不锈钢、去毛刺	$$$$
发黑（钢）	亚光黑	<3 µm	低（需油封）	可忽略	工装、紧固件、低反光	$
镀锌（钢）	透明/彩锌/黑锌	5–12 µm	中（牺牲性）	+5–12 µm	经济型钢件防锈	$
化学镀镍	均匀缎面，复杂形状也能均匀覆盖	8–25 µm，均匀	高	均匀 +8–25 µm	复杂件、深孔、要硬度、铝件	$$$
硬铬	亮、极硬	25–250 µm	高	+25–250 µm	耐磨：活塞杆、轴承面	$$$$
粉末喷涂	耐用彩色涂层	50–100 µm	高	+50–100 µm	要耐用彩色涂层的钢件、铝件	$$

材料说明：阳极氧化仅适用于铝材；钝化与电解抛光适用于不锈钢；发黑与镀锌适用于钢件；化学镀镍、硬铬及粉末喷涂适用于大多数金属材质。

实拍效果

所有表面处理均提供实拍特写，源自我们自制的标准样板。每张照片在发布前均经过严格的保密审查。

买家常忽略 ①：涂层复制底层。电镀与阳极氧化会复制底层表面 —— Ra 1.6 的零件镀后仍是 Ra 1.6，刀纹照旧。要去掉？我们在涂覆前先抛光或拉丝。

买家常忽略 ②：尺寸会变大。涂层会实打实增厚 —— III 型硬质阳极每面约 +0.025 mm。严格公差的孔和配合面，我们预留尺寸或做遮蔽。请把关键尺寸标出来。

如何在图纸上进行标注

FINISH: TYPE II ANODIZE, BLACK, 18 µm NOM, SEALED (PER ISO 7599)
SURFACE: Ra 0.8 µm MAX ON FACE A （符号按 ISO 1302 / ASME Y14.36）
MASK: THREADS + BORE B PRIOR TO COATING
DIMENSIONS: MACHINE BORE B TO 12.75 mm BEFORE ANODIZE

仅在必要的表面标注严格的 Ra 值（或特定表面处理要求）—— 这是有效控制零件加工成本的关键。

各行业常用表面处理规范

各行业常见搭配 —— 仅作参考，并非定式。
行业	常用材料	常用表面
航空与无人机	7075 · Ti-6Al-4V	III 型硬质阳极；铬酸盐转化膜；本色加工
医疗与实验	316 不锈钢 · PEEK	钝化；电解抛光；洁净本色
机器人与自动化	6061 · 7075 · 17-4PH	透明/黑色阳极；喷砂；化学镀镍
消费电子	6061 · 6063 · 钛	彩色阳极；喷砂；拉丝
汽车与电动车	4140 · 42CrMo · 6061	发黑；镀锌；磷化；粉末喷涂
工业	普碳/合金钢 · 黄铜	镀锌；粉末喷涂；硬铬；本色加工

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